Covalent bonding is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons between two or more atoms. This bond is characterized by the sharing of electrons between atoms in order to fill the valence shell of each atom and attain a stable electron configuration. Covalent bonding is one of the most important types of chemical bonds, as it plays a crucial role in the formation of a wide range of chemical compounds, including many biological molecules such as DNA and proteins. Continue reading Covalent Bond→
The word, “Free” in Gibbs Free Energy can be often confusing and I will try to address this aspect in simplified manner. Enthalpy is the total heat content, which means the internal energy + the product of pressure and volume. However, all enthalpy is not available to do work. The reason is the entropy or disorder. Nature seems to prefer disorder in broader sense as it does not like to spend energy to arrange things (there may be symmetries and orderliness in local/system/surrounding context but in broader context, i.e. in the context of the universe/multiverse, the disorder wins). Some enthalpy is spent in entropy. The remaining is left to do work and because that is what is available to do work, it is called available energy or free energy.
